Are you advised to take calcium supplements or eating lots of milk and dairy to prevent osteoporosis or fracture risks? Let’s see what...

What is hirsutism? Hirsutism is a common disorder affecting approximately 5-10% [1] of the women after puberty. This may cause women to...

Viruses do not kill us; our immune system does! Invading pathogens may turn our immune system against our body. Thus, maintaining an...

Our immune system comprises specialized cells, tissues, and organs that works together to protect the body against foreign invaders....

What are cytokines? Cytokines consists of a wide variety of small proteins that are synthesized and secreted by cells to generate signals...

What is inflammation? In response to tissue injury or foreign invaders, our immune system raises some uncomfortable responses called...

Immunology refers to the study of physiological mechanisms that humans or other animals use to keep their bodies protected from infection...